The primary output of this project is a multidisciplinary research paper which highlights the need for supportive and enabling policies, increased funding and focused guidance to improve the role that ex situ plant conservation centres play in complementing in situ conservation of plant diversity, particularly in the context of dramatically changing climate, and concomitant pressures on biodiversity. The impact of this research will be to raise awareness about ex situ-in situ- climate change connections and dynamics, and inform national and international policy making processes to improve decision-making, strategy and project development.